

寫在前面:大家好啊,這是一份遲到的一年一度的2025年KSU Swine Day總結(jié)!美國堪薩斯州立大學KSU在豬營養(yǎng)應用方面是響當當?shù)臋?quán)威高校。豬業(yè)日也是KSU的傳統(tǒng),過去幾年,我們公眾號團隊一直有總結(jié)和翻譯這些研究成果。
今年KSU分享了36個最新研究,包含了母豬營養(yǎng)與管理、仔豬營養(yǎng)與管理、生長育肥豬營養(yǎng)與管理、豬群健康與管理等等方面......我們就繼續(xù)來個每篇一句話總結(jié)吧!
??https://www.asi.k-state.edu/events/swine-day/swine-day-publications.html
(每年的英文摘要都有哦~)
**開始正文之前要特別說明,由于報告多、數(shù)據(jù)量大,沒能做到一篇篇深讀,理解可能有不準確的地方,歡迎討論指出哦~ 同時,一句話總結(jié)沒有給出實驗設計的細節(jié),所以大家在理解結(jié)論時請一定要結(jié)合具體情況來,避免以偏概全。
1). 在過渡期和哺乳期將 SID Arg:Lys 比例從 90% 提高至 120% 并未觀察到分娩產(chǎn)程、乳成分或母豬及仔豬生產(chǎn)性能改善。
Effect of Increasing Arginine: Lysine Ratio During Transition and Lactation on Farrowing Kinetics, Milk Composition, and Sow and Litter Performance
- Sara Virdis, et al.
2). 在哺乳期日糧中添加 4% 奶酪副產(chǎn)物對母豬采食量、體況變化及仔豬生長和成活率均無顯著影響。Effect of Lactation Diets Containing a Cheese Co-product on Sow and Litter Performance- Grady A. Privett, et al.3). 不同鐵劑來源和注射方案未見影響仔豬生長性能,但使用葡庚糖酐鐵(gleptoferron)及較高或分次補鐵方案顯著提高哺乳期血紅蛋白水平。Effect of Two Injectable Iron Sources and Three Administration Programs on Growth Performance and Hemoglobin Levels in Suckling Pigs4). 對正常母豬補鈣未見改善分娩表現(xiàn),但對高風險母豬,圍產(chǎn)期注射葡萄糖酸鈣可降低死胎率并提高活產(chǎn)率。Evaluating Calcium Administration Protocols Around Farrowing on Sow Performance- Abigail K. Jenkins, et al.5). 不同分乳飼養(yǎng)策略在斷奶前后均未見改善仔豬生長性能或降低死亡率,相比不分乳并無優(yōu)勢。Evaluation of Split Suckling Strategies on Pre- and Post-Weaning Piglet Growth and Mortality- Mikayla S. Spinler, et al.6). 仔豬數(shù)超過有效乳頭數(shù)可提高每窩斷奶仔豬數(shù),但同時增加母豬體重損失和仔豬死亡率,最佳比例取決于生產(chǎn)目標。The Effect of Litter Size Relative to Functional Teat Count on Lactating Sow and Litter Performance- Abigail K. Jenkins, et al.7). 妊娠期與哺乳期母豬體重變化存在代償關(guān)系,且兩階段體重動態(tài)共同決定窩均增重,對初產(chǎn)與經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬影響模式不同。The Effect of Sow Body Weight Change During Gestation on Sow Body Weight Change and Litter Average Daily Gain During Lactation- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.
8). 提高斷奶仔豬日糧中改性玉米蛋白添加水平會在早期顯著降低日增重并降低料轉(zhuǎn)化效率,整體育成期無性能優(yōu)勢。
Determining the Dose-Response Effects of a Modified Corn Protein Product in Nursery Pig Diets
- Paula Giacomini, et al.
9). 飼糧補充S-abscisic acid(S-誘抗素)不影響保育豬生長性能,但可降低紅細胞氧化還原比值,改善抗氧化狀態(tài)而未見降低生產(chǎn)性能。Effect of a Novel Dietary Antioxidant on Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Nursery Pigs- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.10). 與低系酸力(acid binding-capacity)飼糧相比,含高劑量 ZnO 的配方顯著提高保育豬采食量和增重,而相比之下飲水的酸化程度對整體生產(chǎn)性能影響有限。Effect of Dietary Formulation Strategy, Water Source, and Water Acidification on Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter in Nursery Pigs- Maxwell L. Corso, et al.11). 在健康豬群中,降低保育初期料在整個保育料中的占比可在不損害生長的情況下改善經(jīng)濟回報,且斷奶體重越高,保育期生長和經(jīng)濟效益越好。Effect of Phase Feeding Budget and Weaning Weight on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Economics: A Follow-Up Study- Julian Arroyave, et al.12). 以玉米蛋白產(chǎn)品替代日糧中魚粉和酶解豆粕日糧降低了保育豬早期采食量和增重。Effect of Two Specialty Corn Protein-Based Products on Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter in Nursery Pigs- Tomas Porcel de Peralta, et al.13). 鋅的來源(ZnO或Zn hydroxychloride)和添加水平(3000/2000 ppm或1000/500 ppm)對保育豬生長性能和糞便干物質(zhì)無顯著影響,但降低日糧鋅水平可顯著減少糞鋅排放。Effect of Zinc Source and Level on Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and Fecal Zinc Concentration of Nursery Pigs- Julian Arroyave, et al.14). 高豆粕日糧(30-36% vs 24-29%)在早期保育階段抑制生長并導致死淘率上升,而添加芽孢桿菌可緩解高豆粕對飼料轉(zhuǎn)化效率和死淘率的不利影響。Effects of a Bacillus-Based Feed Additive in Nursery Pig Diets Containing Low or High Levels of Soybean Meal15). 日糧中添加復合酶未改善整體生長表現(xiàn),且在副產(chǎn)物型日糧中對腸道形態(tài)和部分養(yǎng)分消化率產(chǎn)生負面影響。Effects of Compound Enzymes in Nursery Pig Diets of Different Nutrient Density16). 在低營養(yǎng)密度日糧中,特定復合酶可提高保育豬干物質(zhì)、蛋白和纖維消化率,但生長性能仍落后于飼喂高營養(yǎng)密度日糧的水平。Effects of Compound Enzymes in Reduced Nutrient Density Nursery Pig Diets17). 不同銅添加策略對保育豬生長性能的影響有限,高水平或特定階段供銅未持續(xù)改善整體 ADG 或F/G。Effects of Copper Feeding Strategy on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.18). 飲水或日糧中添加單甘油酯和有機酸可改善保育豬早期腸道環(huán)境并提高糞便干物質(zhì),但對整體生長性能提升有限。Effects of Diet and Water Monoglyceride and Acid Supplementation19). 降低保育豬日糧粗蛋白有助于維持采食量,而藥理劑量氧化鋅可以改善早期日增重、采食量和糞便干物質(zhì),但優(yōu)勢不能持續(xù)到保育后期。Effects of Dietary Crude Protein and Added Zinc on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Jentry J. Squires, et al.20). 水解酵母在特定添加水平下可改善保育豬料肉比并調(diào)節(jié)炎癥因子,但整體生長性能提升不及抗生素對照。Effects of Hydrolyzed Yeast on Weanling Pig Growth Performance and Stress-related Blood Antioxidant Criteria- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.21). 隨著ValoproWin (一種復配膳食纖維添加劑) 添加量增加,保育豬糞便干物質(zhì)線性提高,但ADG 和料肉比呈二次下降反應,過量不利于性能。Effects of Increasing Dietary Level of ValoproWin in Low ABC-4 Diets on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Julian Arroyave, et al.22). 提高乳糖水平可改善保育豬早期采食量和體重,而藥理劑量氧化鋅顯著促進早期生長,但兩者均未能將優(yōu)勢保持到整個 42 天保育期結(jié)束。Effects of Increasing Lactose with or without Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Nursery Pig Performance23). 提高SID Val:Lys 比例可改善料肉比,斷點分析顯示 69–72% 為50–80 磅(22.7-36.3 kg)豬的最優(yōu)區(qū)間。Effects of Increasing Standardized Ileal Digestible Valine:Lysine Ratios on the Growth Performance of 50 to 80 lb Pigs- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.24). 在保育豬無DDGS 日糧中 SID Lys:CP 比率≈6.7(%)、含 DDGS 日糧中≈6.45(%)時飼料效率最佳,過高比例會降低利用效率。(注:賴氨酸蛋白比是美國豬營養(yǎng)配方中一種限制日糧合成氨基酸用量或維持最低蛋白含量的常用指標)Effects of Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine:Crude Protein Ratio with or without DDGS- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.25). 使用熱處理豆粕部分替代常規(guī)豆粕(約25–50%)可改善保育豬早期生長和糞便性狀,但高替代比例不利于生長性能。Effects of Thermo-Mechanically Processed Soybean Meal on Nursery Pig Growth and Fecal Characteristics- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.26). ValoproWin (一種復配膳食纖維添加劑) 可改善保育豬早期糞便干物質(zhì)含量,但隨添加量增加料肉比趨于變差,同時,在配方中針對該產(chǎn)品進行營養(yǎng)校正的應用方法優(yōu)于直接添加。Effects of ValoproWin and Formulation Strategy on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Julian Arroyave, et al.27). 保育開始階段日糧中豆粕比例增加,會造成斷奶仔豬前 3 周生長性能和糞便干物質(zhì)下降,但豬只在后期逐漸適應,使得整體保育期生長未見受影響。Evaluating the Effects of Startup Soybean Meal on Nursery Pig Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and ATTD of Crude Protein- Paula Giacomini, et al.28). 低系酸力配方可改善保育豬飼料轉(zhuǎn)化效率和糞便干物質(zhì),而將粗蛋白從 21% 降至18% 會降低生長性能,但通過補充合成氨基酸可部分彌補。Evaluation of Crude Protein and Acid-Binding Capacity on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.29). 飲糧中胰蛋白酶抑制因子水平高于1.4 TIU/mg 會線性降低日增重、采食量和養(yǎng)分消化率,僅在早期短暫提高糞便干物質(zhì)。Evaluation of Increasing Trypsin Inhibitor on Nursery Pig Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and Nutrient Digestibility- Sierra M. Collier, et al.30). 在25-50磅(11.3-22.7 kg)保育豬日糧中提高 SID Lys 可改善日增重和料肉比,但其反應幅度受能量水平和豆粕含量共同影響,說明賴氨酸∶能量和賴氨酸∶蛋白比例至關(guān)重要。Evaluation of Net Energy, SID Lysine, and Soybean Meal Content Interactions in Pigs from 25 to 50 lb- Hilario M. Cordoba, et al.
31). 在育肥期飼喂藥理劑量銅可顯著提高生長性能和胴體重,其效果主要出現(xiàn)在育肥早期,而不同銅源(TBCC vs. CuSO?)之間無顯著差異。Effect of Copper Source on Finishing Pig Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.32). 在生長育肥豬日糧中隨著SID Lys:CP 比例提高,雖然血尿素氮顯著下降,但飼料轉(zhuǎn)化效率同時持續(xù)下降,表明過度降低粗蛋白會限制育肥豬生長效率。(注:賴氨酸蛋白比是美國豬營養(yǎng)配方中一種限制日糧合成氨基酸用量或維持最低蛋白含量的常用指標)。Effect of Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine to Crude Protein Ratio on Growth Performance of 100 to 275 lb Pigs- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.33). 在日常營養(yǎng)需要水平的添加量下,不同鋅源對育肥豬生長性能和主要胴體性狀無顯著影響,僅在背膘和瘦肉率上呈現(xiàn)較小差異。Effect of Zinc Source Fed at Nutritional Levels on Finishing Pig Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics- Julian Arroyave, et al.34). 在育肥早期和后期,提高日糧中豆粕水平會導致采食量降低而改善飼料轉(zhuǎn)化率,但在添加DDGS(早期30%、后期15%)的情況下,過高豆粕會抑制生長性能,而適中豆粕的水平可優(yōu)化飼料轉(zhuǎn)化效率和部分胴體性狀。Effects of Increasing Soybean Meal in Diets with or without Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs in Early and Late Finishing Phases- Paula Giacomini, et al.35). 相比傳統(tǒng)分階段日糧育肥方式相比,使用單一日糧育肥策略降低了采食量,但改善了飼料效率,在整個育肥期的經(jīng)濟回報方面兩種策略未見顯著區(qū)別。Evaluation of Phase Feeding and Complete Diet Blending on Growing-Finishing Pigs’ Growth Performance and Diet Economics- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.
36). 熱水沖洗結(jié)合 Virkon S(衛(wèi)可)消毒在降低環(huán)境表面大腸桿菌污染水平方面最有效,而料槽邊緣是最難徹底清潔的區(qū)域。Evaluation of Sanitation Procedures in Swine Nursery Facilities Utilizing ATP Bioluminescence寫在后面:好啦!今年KSU Swine Day所有的實驗報告都總結(jié)完啦,希望能對你有所幫助。不知道有多少朋友堅持看到這里了呢?給你點贊!
Reference (可以點左下角 查看原文)
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports:
Volume 11, Issue 7 (2025) Swine Day閱讀原文